Google’s John Mueller posted in a Stack Exchange thread that responsive design doesn’t give you a ranking boost.

Yes, Google does officially recommend responsive as the approach to going mobile. But going responsive, doesn’t give you more of a ranking boost that using any of the three accepted approaches to smartphone optimized sites.

Google does demote non-mobile friendly smartphone sites from ranking so well on mobile. And if you mess up with the techniques, they can hurt.

But responsive over different HTML with same URL, doesn’t necessarily give you a ranking boost.

Google’s John Mueller said:

Forum discussion at Stack Exchange.